Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 129
“Stand with your back to the water, and step backwards,” the old man told the boy.
Who acts: old man · What happens: stand, step, tell · To what, where: boy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Stand | punct |
| 2 | Stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 told | ccomp |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 back | case |
| 4 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 back | nmod:poss |
| 5 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Stand | obl |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 water | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 water | det |
| 8 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Stand | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 step | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 step | cc |
| 11 | step | step | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 Stand | conj |
| 12 | backwards | backwards | ADV | _ | 11 step | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Stand | punct |
| 14 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Stand | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 man | det |
| 16 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 man | amod |
| 17 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 told | nsubj |
| 18 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 boy | det |
| 20 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 told | iobj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand in a quote | infinitive | with your back; to the water | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | step in a quote | infinitive | backwards property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past | the old man | the boy | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent boy=Recipient clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/129/