Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 178
A merchant looked at them and said: “Those are my plate.
Who acts: merchant · What happens: look, say, be · To what, where: plate · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 merchant | det |
| 2 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 looked | nsubj |
| 3 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 looked | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 looked | conj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 plate | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 plate | punct |
| 10 | Those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 13 plate | det |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 plate | cop |
| 12 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 plate | nmod:poss |
| 13 | plate | plate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | ccomp |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past | a merchant | at vessels = vessel | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at they=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | a merchant not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | my plate | my nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/178/