Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 68
They flung their comb behind them, and a dark, murky oak forest grew up, so thick, no fly could ever have flown its way through.
Who acts: claws, dark murky oak forest · What happens: fling, grow up, fly · To what, where: comb, thick, fly
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (claws, dark murky oak forest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 flung | nsubj |
| 2 | flung | fling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 comb | nmod:poss |
| 4 | comb | comb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 flung | obj |
| 5 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 6 them | case |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 flung | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 grew | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 grew | cc |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 forest | det |
| 10 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 forest | amod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 dark | punct |
| 12 | murky | murky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 forest | amod |
| 13 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 forest | compound |
| 14 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 grew | nsubj |
| 15 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 flung | conj |
| 16 | up | up | ADP | _ | 15 grew | compound:prt |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 thick | punct |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 thick | advmod |
| 19 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 grew | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 flown | punct |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 fly | det |
| 22 | fly | fly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 flown | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 flown | aux |
| 24 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 26 flown | advmod |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 flown | aux |
| 26 | flown | fly | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 thick | conj |
| 27 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 way | nmod:poss |
| 28 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 flown | obj |
| 29 | through | through | ADV | _ | 26 flown | advmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 flung | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fling | past | claws = claw | claws's comb | behind comb | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent comb=Theme behind they=Destination | |||
| 2 | grow up | past | a dark murky oak forest | thick | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fly | could · perfect · passive | no fly | ever | fly's way obj; through property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme way=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/68/