Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 75
He told his master that two little birds had fluttered on to his estate; two fairest damsels similar in form and shape, eye for eye and line for line.
Who acts: forest · What happens: tell, flutter · To what, where: master, two little birds, estate · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 master | nmod:poss |
| 4 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 told | obj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 fluttered | obj |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 birds | nummod |
| 7 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 birds | amod |
| 8 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fluttered | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fluttered | aux |
| 10 | fluttered | flutter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 master | acl:relcl |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 estate | case |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 estate | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 estate | nmod:poss |
| 14 | estate | estate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fluttered | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 similar | punct |
| 16 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 damsels | nummod |
| 17 | fairest | fair | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 18 damsels | amod |
| 18 | damsels | damsel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 similar | nsubj |
| 19 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 told | parataxis |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 form | case |
| 21 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 similar | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 shape | cc |
| 23 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 form | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 eye | punct |
| 25 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 similar | conj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 eye | case |
| 27 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 eye | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 line | cc |
| 29 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 eye | conj |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 line | case |
| 31 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 line | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | forest | forest's master | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent master=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | flutter | past · perfect · passive | two little birds | forest's estate | forest's master obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/75/