Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet., sentence 1
Almet, the dervise, who watched the sacred lamp in the sepulchre of the Prophet, as he one day rose up from the devotions of the morning, which he had performed at the gate of the temple, with his body turned towards the east, and his forehead on the earth, saw before him a man in splendid apparel, attended by a long retinue, who gazed stedfastly at him, with a look of mournful complacence, and seemed desirous to speak, but unwilling to offend.
Who acts: dervise, Almet, body, long retinue · What happens: watch, rise up, perform, turn, see, attend · To what, where: sacred lamp, sepulchre, devotions, gate, east, man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Almet.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dervise, Almet, body, long retinue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Almet | Almet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 dervise | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 dervise | det |
| 4 | dervise | dervise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Almet | appos |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 watched | punct |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 watched | nsubj |
| 7 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 dervise | acl:relcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 lamp | det |
| 9 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 lamp | amod |
| 10 | lamp | lamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 watched | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 sepulchre | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 sepulchre | det |
| 13 | sepulchre | sepulchre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 watched | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 Prophet | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Prophet | det |
| 16 | Prophet | Prophet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 sepulchre | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 rose | punct |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 22 rose | mark |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 rose | nsubj |
| 20 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 day | nummod |
| 21 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 rose | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 watched | conj |
| 23 | up | up | ADV | _ | 22 rose | advmod |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 devotions | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 devotions | det |
| 26 | devotions | devotion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 rose | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 morning | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 morning | det |
| 29 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 devotions | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 performed | punct |
| 31 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 performed | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 performed | nsubj |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 performed | aux |
| 34 | performed | perform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 devotions | acl |
| 35 | at | at | ADP | _ | 37 gate | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 gate | det |
| 37 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 performed | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 temple | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 temple | det |
| 40 | temple | temple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 gate | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 turned | punct |
| 42 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 45 turned | mark |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 body | nmod:poss |
| 44 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 turned | nsubj |
| 45 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 performed | conj |
| 46 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 48 east | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 east | det |
| 48 | east | east | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 turned | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 forehead | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 forehead | cc |
| 51 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 forehead | nmod:poss |
| 52 | forehead | forehead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Almet | appos |
| 53 | on | on | ADP | _ | 55 earth | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 earth | det |
| 55 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 forehead | nmod |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Almet | punct |
| 57 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 58 | before | before | ADP | _ | 59 him | case |
| 59 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 saw | obl |
| 60 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 61 man | det |
| 61 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 saw | obj |
| 62 | in | in | ADP | _ | 64 apparel | case |
| 63 | splendid | splendid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 64 apparel | amod |
| 64 | apparel | apparel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 man | nmod |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 attended | punct |
| 66 | attended | attend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 61 man | acl |
| 67 | by | by | ADP | _ | 70 retinue | case |
| 68 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 70 retinue | det |
| 69 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 70 retinue | amod |
| 70 | retinue | retinue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 66 attended | obl |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 gazed | punct |
| 72 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 73 gazed | nsubj |
| 73 | gazed | gaze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 70 retinue | acl:relcl |
| 74 | stedfastly | stedfastly | ADV | _ | 73 gazed | advmod |
| 75 | at | at | ADP | _ | 76 him | case |
| 76 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 73 gazed | obl |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 80 look | punct |
| 78 | with | with | ADP | _ | 80 look | case |
| 79 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 80 look | det |
| 80 | look | look | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 gazed | obl |
| 81 | of | of | ADP | _ | 83 complacence | case |
| 82 | mournful | mournful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 83 complacence | amod |
| 83 | complacence | complacence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 80 look | nmod |
| 84 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 86 seemed | punct |
| 85 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 86 seemed | cc |
| 86 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 saw | parataxis |
| 87 | desirous | desirous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 86 seemed | xcomp |
| 88 | to | to | PART | _ | 89 speak | mark |
| 89 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 87 desirous | xcomp |
| 90 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 92 unwilling | punct |
| 91 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 92 unwilling | cc |
| 92 | unwilling | unwill | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 57 saw | conj |
| 93 | to | to | PART | _ | 94 offend | mark |
| 94 | offend | offend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 92 unwilling | xcomp |
| 95 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 57 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | watch | past | the dervise | the sacred lamp | the sepulchre of the Prophet | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamp=Theme | |||
| 2 | rise up | past | Almet | the devotions of the morning | day | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from devotion=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | perform | past · perfect · passive | the devotions of the morning | the gate of the temple | Almet nsubj | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||
| 4 | turn | past | Almet's body | the east | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme towards east=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | see | past | Almet | a man | splendid apparel | before body | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus | ||
| 6 | attend | participle | a man not said here | by a long retinue | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent by retinue=Theme | ||||
| 7 | gaze | past | a long retinue | at body; with a look of mournful complacence; stedfastly property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at he=Theme | ||||
| 8 | seem | past | desirous property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 10 | unwill | gerund | Almet not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 11 | offend | to-infinitive | Almet not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 12 | devote | the morning | nom devotion «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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