Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Merchant and His Sons., sentence 1
A certain merchant had two sons, the eldest of whom was of so bad a disposition as to behave with great hatred and ill-nature towards the younger, who was of a temper more mild and gentle.
Who acts: certain merchant, bad disposition · What happens: have, be, behave · To what, where: two sons
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Merchant and His Sons.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain merchant, bad disposition), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 merchant | det |
| 2 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 merchant | amod |
| 3 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 sons | nummod |
| 6 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 had | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 eldest | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 eldest | det |
| 9 | eldest | eld | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 17 disposition | punct |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 whom | case |
| 11 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 disposition | obl |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 disposition | cop |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 disposition | case |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 bad | advmod |
| 15 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 disposition | amod |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 disposition | det |
| 17 | disposition | disposition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sons | nmod |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 behave | mark |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 behave | mark |
| 20 | behave | behave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 disposition | acl |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 hatred | case |
| 22 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hatred | amod |
| 23 | hatred | hatred | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 behave | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 nature | cc |
| 25 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 nature | amod |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 ill | punct |
| 27 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hatred | conj |
| 28 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 30 younger | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 younger | det |
| 30 | younger | young | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 behave | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 temper | punct |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 temper | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 temper | cop |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 temper | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 temper | det |
| 36 | temper | temper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 disposition | conj |
| 37 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 38 mild | advmod |
| 38 | mild | mild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 temper | amod |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 gentle | cc |
| 40 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 mild | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | a certain merchant | two sons | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | past | of a bad disposition and a temper; of two sons | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | behave | to-infinitive | a certain merchant not said here | with great hatred and ill nature; towards the younger | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is | past | a bad disposition and a temper | of a temper | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/2/1/