Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Merchant and His Sons., sentence 14
To this gentleman he addressed himself, and having laid before him his misfortunes and his present necessitous condition, he earnestly entreated him to grant him some assistance.
Who acts: gentleman · What happens: address, lay, entreat, grant, condition · To what, where: gentleman, misfortunes, death, assistance
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Merchant and His Sons.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gentleman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 gentleman | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 gentleman | det |
| 3 | gentleman | gentleman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 addressed | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 addressed | nsubj |
| 5 | addressed | address | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 addressed | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 laid | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 laid | cc |
| 9 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 laid | aux |
| 10 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 addressed | conj |
| 11 | before | before | ADP | _ | 12 him | case |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 laid | obl |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 misfortunes | nmod:poss |
| 14 | misfortunes | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 laid | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 condition | cc |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 condition | nmod:poss |
| 17 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 condition | amod |
| 18 | necessitous | necessitous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 condition | amod |
| 19 | condition | condition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 laid | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 entreated | punct |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 entreated | nsubj |
| 22 | earnestly | earnestly | ADV | _ | 23 entreated | advmod |
| 23 | entreated | entreat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 addressed | conj |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 entreated | obj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 grant | mark |
| 26 | grant | grant | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 entreated | xcomp |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 grant | obj |
| 28 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 29 assistance | det |
| 29 | assistance | assistance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 grant | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 addressed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | address | past | gentleman | gentleman | to this gentleman | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Destination | |||
| 2 | lay | gerund · perfect | gentleman not said here | gentleman's misfortunes | before gentleman | gentleman's present necessitous condition conj | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent misfortune=Theme before he=Destination | ||
| 3 | entreat | past | gentleman | death | earnestly property | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 4 | grant | to-infinitive | gentleman not said here | some assistance | death | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal assistance=Theme | |||
| 5 | condition | gentleman | nom condition «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/2/14/