Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Merchant and His Sons., sentence 22
The elder, quite astonished at this accident, fell to the ground, and began to make many excuses, and to beg pardon for his former cruel behaviour.
Who acts: elder · What happens: fall, begin, make, beg · To what, where: many excuses, pardon
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Merchant and His Sons.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 elder | det |
| 2 | elder | elder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fell | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 astonished | punct |
| 4 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 5 astonished | advmod |
| 5 | astonished | astonished | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 elder | amod |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 accident | case |
| 7 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 accident | det |
| 8 | accident | accident | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 astonished | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 elder | punct |
| 10 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 ground | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 ground | det |
| 13 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fell | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 began | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 began | cc |
| 16 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fell | conj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 make | mark |
| 18 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 began | xcomp |
| 19 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 excuses | amod |
| 20 | excuses | excuse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 make | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 beg | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 beg | cc |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 beg | mark |
| 24 | beg | beg | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 fell | conj |
| 25 | pardon | pardon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 beg | obj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 behaviour | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 behaviour | nmod:poss |
| 28 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 behaviour | amod |
| 29 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 behaviour | amod |
| 30 | behaviour | behaviour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 beg | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | the elder | to the ground | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | the elder not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | make | to-infinitive | the elder not said here | many excuses | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset excuse=Product | ||||
| 4 | beg speech: request | to-infinitive | the elder not said here | pardon | for man's former cruel behaviour | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent pardon=Recipient for behaviour=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/2/22/