Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, Story of Mencius., sentence 1
As Mencius, the philosopher, was travelling in pursuit of wisdom, night overtook him at the foot of a gloomy mountain, remote from the habitations of men.
Who acts: night · What happens: travel, overtake, pursue · To what, where: pursuit, Mencius, foot, wisdom
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Story of Mencius.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (night), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 Mencius | case |
| 2 | Mencius | Mencius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 travelling | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 philosopher | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 philosopher | det |
| 5 | philosopher | philosopher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Mencius | appos |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Mencius | punct |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 travelling | aux |
| 8 | travelling | travel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 pursuit | case |
| 10 | pursuit | pursuit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 travelling | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 wisdom | case |
| 12 | wisdom | wisdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pursuit | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 overtook | punct |
| 14 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 overtook | nsubj |
| 15 | overtook | overtake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 travelling | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 overtook | obj |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 foot | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 foot | det |
| 19 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 overtook | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 mountain | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 mountain | det |
| 22 | gloomy | gloomy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 mountain | amod |
| 23 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 foot | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 remote | punct |
| 25 | remote | remote | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 foot | conj |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 habitations | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 habitations | det |
| 28 | habitations | habitation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 remote | nmod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 men | case |
| 30 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 habitations | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 travelling | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | travel | past · progressive | pursuit of wisdom | as Mencius | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pursuit=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | overtake | past | night | Mencius | the foot of a gloomy mountain and remote from the habitations of men | tree rules | |||
| 3 | pursue | wisdom | nom pursuit «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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