Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, Story of Mencius., sentence 7
The lion is an open enemy, and the dog a faithful friend; but man, base man, can poison the bowl, and smile when he presents it.”
Who acts: lion, open enemy · What happens: be, poison, smile, present · To what, where: open enemy, bowl
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Story of Mencius.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion, open enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lion | det |
| 2 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 enemy | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 enemy | cop |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 enemy | det |
| 5 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 enemy | amod |
| 6 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 poison | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 dog | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 dog | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 dog | det |
| 10 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 enemy | conj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 friend | det |
| 12 | faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 friend | amod |
| 13 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 dog | appos |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 man | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 man | cc |
| 16 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 enemy | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 man | punct |
| 18 | base | base | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 man | compound |
| 19 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 man | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 enemy | punct |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 poison | aux |
| 22 | poison | poison | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 bowl | det |
| 24 | bowl | bowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 poison | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 smile | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 smile | cc |
| 27 | smile | smile | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 poison | conj |
| 28 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 30 presents | mark |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 presents | nsubj |
| 30 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 smile | advcl |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 presents | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 poison | punct |
| 33 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 poison | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the lion | a open enemy and the dog | the dog conj; man and base man appos | tree rules | |||
| 2 | poison | can | a open enemy and the dog | the bowl | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bowl=Patient | ||||
| 3 | smile | infinitive | a open enemy and the dog not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | present | present | lion | bowl | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/3/7/