Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, Hamet and Raschid., sentence 18
As Raschid was looking with contempt upon his neighbour, on a sudden was heard the roar of torrents, and they found by the mighty stream that the mounds of the Ganges were broken.
Who acts: Raschid, shepherds, torrents · What happens: look, hear, find, break, roar · To what, where: sudden, mounds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Hamet and Raschid.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Raschid, shepherds, torrents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 looking | mark |
| 2 | Raschid | Raschid | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 looking | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looking | aux |
| 4 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 contempt | case |
| 6 | contempt | contempt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 looking | obl |
| 7 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 9 neighbour | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 neighbour | nmod:poss |
| 9 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 looking | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 heard | punct |
| 11 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 15 heard | mark |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 sudden | det |
| 13 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 heard | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 heard | aux:pass |
| 15 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 looking | parataxis |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 roar | det |
| 17 | roar | roar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 heard | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 torrents | case |
| 19 | torrents | torrent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 roar | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 found | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 found | cc |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 found | nsubj |
| 23 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 heard | parataxis |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 stream | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 stream | det |
| 26 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 stream | amod |
| 27 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 found | obl |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 broken | mark |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 mounds | det |
| 30 | mounds | mound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 Ganges | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Ganges | det |
| 33 | Ganges | Ganges | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 mounds | nmod |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 broken | aux:pass |
| 35 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 found | ccomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 looking | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past · progressive | Raschid | with contempt; upon Raschid's neighbour | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon neighbour=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hear | past · passive | a sudden | the roar of torrents obj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | find | past | shepherds = shepherd | by the mighty stream | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | break | past · passive | the mounds of the Ganges | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 5 | roar | torrents | nom roar «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/5/18/