Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Cham and the Dervise., sentence 9
The Cham, turning to his courtiers who heard the advice with contempt, told them, “that counsel could not be too much valued, which had saved a king’s life.”
Who acts: Cham, courtiers, counsel, much · What happens: turn, hear, tell, not be, value, save · To what, where: courtiers, advice, life · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Cham and the Dervise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cham, courtiers, counsel, much), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Cham | det |
| 2 | Cham | Cham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 told | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 turning | punct |
| 4 | turning | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 Cham | acl |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 courtiers | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 courtiers | nmod:poss |
| 7 | courtiers | courtier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 turning | obl |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 heard | nsubj |
| 9 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 courtiers | acl:relcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 advice | det |
| 11 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heard | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 contempt | case |
| 13 | contempt | contempt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heard | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Cham | punct |
| 15 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 told | iobj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 valued | punct |
| 18 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 much | punct |
| 19 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 counsel | det |
| 20 | counsel | counsel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 much | nsubj |
| 21 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 much | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 much | advmod |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 much | cop |
| 24 | too | too | ADV | _ | 25 much | advmod |
| 25 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 valued | nsubj |
| 26 | valued | value | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 told | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 saved | punct |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 saved | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 saved | aux |
| 30 | saved | save | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 valued | ccomp |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 king | det |
| 32 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 life | nmod:poss |
| 33 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 32 king | case |
| 34 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 saved | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 told | punct |
| 36 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | gerund | the Cham not said here | king's courtiers | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to courtier=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | king's courtiers | the advice | with contempt | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer advice=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past | the Cham | courtiers = courtier | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | not is in a quote | could | that counsel | much property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | value in a quote | past | much | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | save in a quote | past · perfect · passive | a king's life | which nsubj:pass | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary life=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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