Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Omar., sentence 15
These words struck me dumb with astonishment, though I had some doubt of their truth: but Almalic, throwing back his garment, discovered the peculiarity of his vest, and put the royal signet upon his finger.
Who acts: words, I, Almalic · What happens: strike, have, throw back, discover, put, doubt · To what, where: me, doubt, garment, peculiarity, royal signet, finger
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Omar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, I, Almalic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 words | det |
| 2 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 struck | nsubj |
| 3 | struck | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 struck | obj |
| 5 | dumb | dumb | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 struck | xcomp |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 astonishment | case |
| 7 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 struck | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 had | punct |
| 9 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 11 had | mark |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 had | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 struck | conj |
| 12 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 doubt | det |
| 13 | doubt | doubt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 had | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 truth | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 truth | nmod:poss |
| 16 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 doubt | nmod |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 Almalic | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 Almalic | cc |
| 19 | Almalic | Almalic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 discovered | nsubj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 throwing | punct |
| 21 | throwing | throw | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 Almalic | acl |
| 22 | back | back | ADV | _ | 21 throwing | advmod |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 garment | nmod:poss |
| 24 | garment | garment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 throwing | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 discovered | punct |
| 26 | discovered | discover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 struck | parataxis |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 peculiarity | det |
| 28 | peculiarity | peculiarity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 discovered | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 vest | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 vest | nmod:poss |
| 31 | vest | vest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 peculiarity | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 put | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 put | cc |
| 34 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 discovered | advcl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 signet | det |
| 36 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 signet | amod |
| 37 | signet | signet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 put | obj |
| 38 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 40 finger | case |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 finger | nmod:poss |
| 40 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 put | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 struck | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strike | past | this words | me | with astonishment; dumb property | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent i=Patient with astonishment=Instrument | |||
| 2 | have | past | I | some doubt of words's truth | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doubt=Patient | ||||
| 3 | throw back | gerund | Almalic not said here | Almalic's garment | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent garment=Theme | ||||
| 4 | discover | past | Almalic | the peculiarity of Almalic's vest | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peculiarity=Topic | ||||
| 5 | put | infinitive | Almalic not said here | the royal signet | Almalic's finger | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent signet=Theme upon finger=Destination | |||
| 6 | doubt | words's truth | nom doubt «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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