Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Omar., sentence 7
“Hassan,” said he, “what canst thou have lost, whose wealth was the labour of thy own hand; and what can have made thee sad, the spring of whose joy was in thy own bosom?—What evil has befallen thee?
Who acts: Hassan, thou, wealth, spring · What happens: say, lose, be, make, befall, joy · To what, where: labour, thee, own bosom, evil · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Omar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hassan, thou, wealth, spring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Hassan | Hassan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hassan | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hassan | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 said | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 lost | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 lost | punct |
| 9 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 lost | obj |
| 10 | canst | can | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 13 lost | aux |
| 11 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 13 lost | nsubj |
| 12 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 lost | aux |
| 13 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 said | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 labour | punct |
| 15 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 16 wealth | nmod:poss |
| 16 | wealth | wealth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 labour | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 labour | cop |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 labour | det |
| 19 | labour | labour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lost | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 hand | case |
| 21 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 hand | nmod:poss |
| 22 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hand | amod |
| 23 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 labour | nmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 made | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 made | cc |
| 26 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 29 made | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 made | aux |
| 28 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 made | aux |
| 29 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 said | parataxis |
| 30 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 made | obj |
| 31 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 made | xcomp |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 bosom | punct |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 spring | det |
| 34 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 bosom | nsubj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 joy | case |
| 36 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 37 joy | nmod:poss |
| 37 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 spring | nmod |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 bosom | cop |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 bosom | case |
| 40 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 42 bosom | nmod:poss |
| 41 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 bosom | amod |
| 42 | bosom | bosom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 made | obl |
| 43 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 42 bosom | punct |
| 44 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 48 befallen | punct |
| 45 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 48 befallen | obj |
| 46 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 befallen | nsubj:pass |
| 47 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 befallen | aux |
| 48 | befallen | befall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 made | conj |
| 49 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 48 befallen | obj |
| 50 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | Hassan | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | lose in a quote | can · perfect | thou | what obj | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | past | the labour's wealth | the labour | of thy own hand | tree rules | |||
| 4 | make in a quote | can · perfect · passive | thee | what nsubj:pass; sad property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary thou=Product | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | past | the spring of the spring of the spring's joy's joy | thy own bosom | thy nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 6 | befall in a quote | present · perfect · passive | evil | What obj; thee obj | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | joy in a quote | the spring of the spring of joy's joy | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/8/7/