The Yellow Fairy Book, The Donkey Cabbage, part 1, sentence 12
So he walked on about a hundred yards, and then he heard above him in the branches such a screaming and chirping that he looked up, and there he saw a heap of birds tearing a cloth with their beaks and feet, shrieking, tugging, and fighting, as if each wanted it for himself.
Who acts: Hunter, birds, each · What happens: walk, hear, scream, chirp, look up, see · To what, where: branches, heap, cloth
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Donkey Cabbage, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hunter, birds, each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 walked | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 walked | nsubj |
| 3 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 yards | case |
| 5 | about | about | ADV | _ | 7 hundred | advmod |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 hundred | det |
| 7 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 yards | nummod |
| 8 | yards | yard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 walked | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 heard | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 heard | cc |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 heard | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 heard | nsubj |
| 13 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 walked | conj |
| 14 | above | above | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 heard | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 branches | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 branches | det |
| 18 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 heard | obl |
| 19 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 a | det:predet |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 branches | appos |
| 21 | screaming | scream | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 a | acl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 chirping | cc |
| 23 | chirping | chirp | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 screaming | conj |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 looked | mark |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 looked | nsubj |
| 26 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 chirping | advcl |
| 27 | up | up | ADP | _ | 26 looked | compound:prt |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 saw | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 saw | cc |
| 30 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 32 saw | expl |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 saw | nsubj |
| 32 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 walked | conj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 heap | det |
| 34 | heap | heap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 saw | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 birds | case |
| 36 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 heap | nmod |
| 37 | tearing | tear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 birds | acl |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 cloth | det |
| 39 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 tearing | obj |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 beaks | case |
| 41 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 beaks | nmod:poss |
| 42 | beaks | beak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 tearing | obl |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 feet | cc |
| 44 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 beaks | conj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 shrieking | punct |
| 46 | shrieking | shriek | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 tearing | conj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 tugging | punct |
| 48 | tugging | tug | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 46 shrieking | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 fighting | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 fighting | cc |
| 51 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 walked | advcl |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 wanted | punct |
| 53 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 56 wanted | mark |
| 54 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 56 wanted | mark |
| 55 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 56 wanted | nsubj |
| 56 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 51 fighting | parataxis |
| 57 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 wanted | obj |
| 58 | for | for | ADP | _ | 59 himself | case |
| 59 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 56 wanted | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 walked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | past | Hunter | on hundred yards | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on yard=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | Hunter | the branches | then | above him = he | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||
| 3 | scream speech: express | gerund | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | chirp | gerund | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | look up | past | Hunter | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | see | past | Hunter | a heap of birds | there | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heap=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | tear | gerund | birds not said here | a cloth | with birds's beaks and feet | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cloth=Patient with beak=Instrument | |||
| 8 | shriek | gerund | birds not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | tug | gerund | birds not said here | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 10 | fight | gerund | Hunter not said here | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 11 | want a condition, not said to happen | past | each | cloth | for Hunter | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/10/12/