The Yellow Fairy Book, The Donkey Cabbage, part 2, sentence 37

Perhaps the worst pain he had to bear was a sort of weight on his chest, which made it very hard for him to breathe.

Who acts: Saphir, worst pain, chest · What happens: have, bear, be, make, breathe · To what, where: worst pain, sort, chest, pain

This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Donkey Cabbage, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saphir, worst pain, chest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	11 sort	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 pain	det
3	worst	bad	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 pain	amod
4	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sort	nsubj
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 had	nsubj
6	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 pain	acl:relcl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 bear	mark
8	bear	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 had	xcomp
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 sort	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 sort	det
11	sort	sort	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 weight	case
13	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sort	nmod
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 chest	case
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 chest	nmod:poss
16	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sort	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 made	punct
18	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 made	nsubj
19	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 chest	acl:relcl
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 made	obj
21	very	very	ADV	_	22 hard	advmod
22	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	19 made	advmod
23	for	for	SCONJ	_	26 breathe	mark
24	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 breathe	nsubj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 breathe	mark
26	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 hard	advcl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 sort	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	past	Saphir	the worst pain not said here			tree rules
2	bear	to-infinitive	the worst pain not said here				vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
3	is a	past	the worst pain	a sort	Saphir's chest	of weight; perhaps property	tree rules
4	make	past	Saphir's chest	pain		hard property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
5	breathe	to-infinitive	Saphir				vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/11/37/