The Yellow Fairy Book, The Donkey Cabbage, part 2, sentence 64
Being an experienced traveller, he drew from his pocket a little cup (without which no one should ever take a journey), and was just about to dip it in the water, when a lovely little green frog, much prettier than frogs generally are, jumped into the cup.
Who acts: bird, one, lovely little green frog · What happens: be, draw, take, jump · To what, where: experienced traveller, journey, water, cup
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Donkey Cabbage, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, one, lovely little green frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 traveller | cop |
| 2 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 traveller | det |
| 3 | experienced | experienced | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 traveller | amod |
| 4 | traveller | traveller | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 drew | advcl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 traveller | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 drew | nsubj |
| 7 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 pocket | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 pocket | nmod:poss |
| 10 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 drew | obl | ||
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 cup | det |
| 12 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 cup | amod |
| 13 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pocket | conj |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 take | punct |
| 15 | without | without | ADP | _ | 16 which | case |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 take | obl |
| 17 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 18 one | det |
| 18 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 take | nsubj |
| 19 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 take | aux |
| 20 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 21 take | advmod |
| 21 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 cup | parataxis |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 journey | det |
| 23 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 take | obj |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 take | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 dip | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 dip | cc |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 dip | cop |
| 28 | just | just | ADV | _ | 29 about | advmod |
| 29 | about | about | ADV | _ | 31 dip | advmod |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 dip | mark |
| 31 | dip | dip | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 drew | conj |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 dip | obj |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 water | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 water | det |
| 35 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dip | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 prettier | punct |
| 37 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 45 prettier | advmod |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 frog | det |
| 39 | lovely | lovely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 frog | amod |
| 40 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 frog | amod |
| 41 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 frog | amod |
| 42 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 prettier | nsubj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 prettier | punct |
| 44 | much | much | ADV | _ | 45 prettier | advmod |
| 45 | prettier | pretty | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 dip | conj |
| 46 | than | than | ADP | _ | 47 frogs | case |
| 47 | frogs | frog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 prettier | obl |
| 48 | generally | generally | ADV | _ | 45 prettier | advmod |
| 49 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin | 7 drew | conj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 jumped | punct |
| 51 | jumped | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 drew | conj |
| 52 | into | into | ADP | _ | 54 cup | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 cup | det |
| 54 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 jumped | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | gerund | bird not said here | a experienced traveller | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | draw | past | bird | from bird's pocket and a little cup | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from pocket=Co-Patient | ||||
| 3 | take | should | no one | a journey | ever | without a little cup | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent journey=Theme | ||
| 4 | is | past | bird not said here | the water | about, dip property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | be | a lovely little green frog | than frogs; generally property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | be | present | bird not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | jump | past | bird not said here | the cup | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into cup=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/11/64/