The Yellow Fairy Book, The Donkey Cabbage, part 3, sentence 20
Madam!’ he cried, hardly knowing what he said.
Who acts: Prince · What happens: cry, know, say · To what, where: Madam · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Donkey Cabbage, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Madam | madam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cried | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Madam | punct |
| 3 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 1 Madam | punct |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 cried | nsubj |
| 5 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 knowing | punct |
| 7 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 8 knowing | advmod |
| 8 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 cried | advcl |
| 9 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 11 said | obj |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 said | nsubj |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 knowing | ccomp |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | past | Prince | Madam | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | know | gerund | Prince not said here | hardly property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Prince | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/12/20/