The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, sentence 8
It had become quite dark, and Iwanich was forced to wait for daylight before continuing his journey.
Who acts: leave, Iwanich · What happens: become, force, wait, continue, journey · To what, where: Iwanich, journey
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leave, Iwanich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 become | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 become | aux |
| 3 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 5 dark | advmod |
| 5 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 become | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 forced | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 forced | cc |
| 8 | Iwanich | Iwanich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 forced | aux:pass |
| 10 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 become | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 wait | mark |
| 12 | wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 forced | xcomp |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 daylight | case |
| 14 | daylight | daylight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 wait | obl |
| 15 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 16 continuing | mark |
| 16 | continuing | continue | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 wait | advcl |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 journey | nmod:poss |
| 18 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 continuing | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 become | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past · perfect | leave | dark property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | force | past · passive | Iwanich | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | wait | to-infinitive | Iwanich not said here | for daylight | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | continue | gerund | Iwanich not said here | Iwanich's journey | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent journey=Theme | ||||
| 5 | journey | Iwanich | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/8/