The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, sentence 91

Almost immediately a rushing hissing sound was heard in the waters, the waves dashed against the banks, the foam was tossed into the air, and the two horses leapt suddenly on to the dry land, trembling and shaking with fear.

Who acts: waves, banks, two horses · What happens: rush, hear, dash, toss, leapt, tremble · To what, where: rushing hissing sound, waters, banks, foam, air

This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waves, banks, two horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Almost	almost	ADV	_	2 immediately	advmod
2	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	8 heard	advmod
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 sound	det
4	rushing	rush	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 sound	amod
5	hissing	hissing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sound	compound
6	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 heard	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 heard	aux:pass
8	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 waters	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 waters	det
11	waters	water	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 heard	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 dashed	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 waves	det
14	waves	wave	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 dashed	nsubj
15	dashed	dash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 heard	parataxis
16	against	against	ADP	_	18 banks	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 banks	det
18	banks	bank	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 dashed	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 tossed	punct
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 foam	det
21	foam	foam	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 tossed	nsubj:pass
22	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 tossed	aux:pass
23	tossed	toss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 banks	acl:relcl
24	into	into	ADP	_	26 air	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 air	det
26	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 tossed	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 leapt	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 leapt	cc
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 horses	det
30	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	31 horses	nummod
31	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 leapt	nsubj
32	leapt	leapt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 dashed	conj
33	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	_	34 on	advmod
34	on	on	ADV	_	32 leapt	advmod
35	to	to	ADP	_	38 land	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 land	det
37	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 land	amod
38	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 leapt	obl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 trembling	punct
40	trembling	tremble	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	32 leapt	advcl
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 shaking	cc
42	shaking	shake	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	40 trembling	conj
43	with	with	ADP	_	44 fear	case
44	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 shaking	obl
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	rush	gerund					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hear	past · passive		a rushing hissing sound	the waters	immediately property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
3	dash	past	the waves		the banks		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against bank=Trajectory
4	toss	past · passive	the banks not said here	the foam	the air		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Patient into air=Recipient
5	leapt	present	the two horses			to the dry land	tree rules
6	tremble	gerund	the two horses not said here				vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	shake	gerund	the two horses not said here			with fear	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent with fear=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/91/