The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch (28), sentence 17
You must be civil and kind to everyone, and never say a cross word to anyone, and never touch a crumb belonging to anyone else.
Who acts: You, crumb · What happens: be, not say, not touch, belong · To what, where: cross word, anyone, crumb · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch (28). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, crumb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 civil | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 civil | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 civil | cop |
| 4 | civil | civil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 kind | cc |
| 6 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 civil | conj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 everyone | case |
| 8 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 6 kind | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 say | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 say | cc |
| 11 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 12 say | advmod |
| 12 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 civil | parataxis |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 word | det |
| 14 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 word | compound |
| 15 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 say | obj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 anyone | case |
| 17 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 12 say | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 touch | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 touch | cc |
| 20 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 21 touch | advmod |
| 21 | touch | touch | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 say | conj |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 crumb | det |
| 23 | crumb | crumb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 touch | obj |
| 24 | belonging | belong | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 crumb | acl |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 anyone | case |
| 26 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 24 belonging | obl |
| 27 | else | else | ADV | _ | 26 anyone | advmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 civil | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | must | You | civil property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | You not said here | to everyone | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | not say speech: assert | infinitive | a cross word | anyone | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Topic to anyone=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | not touch | infinitive | a crumb | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme crumb=Co-Theme | |||||
| 5 | belong | gerund | a crumb not said here | to anyone | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/39/17/