The Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Ring (30), sentence 107
This was on Christmas Eve. They went up above the cave, and found a window in it, through which they looked, and saw four trolls lying asleep beside the fire, over which a large porridge-pot was hanging.
Who acts: This, cliffs, four trolls, large porridge pot · What happens: be, go up, find, look, see, lie · To what, where: Christmas Eve., cave, window, four trolls, fire
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Ring (30). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, cliffs, four trolls, large porridge pot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 Eve. | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 Eve. | cop |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 Eve. | case |
| 4 | Christmas | Christmas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Eve. | compound |
| 5 | Eve. | Eve. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 went | obl |
| 6 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 went | nsubj |
| 7 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 went | compound:prt |
| 9 | above | above | ADP | _ | 11 cave | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 cave | det |
| 11 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 went | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 found | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 found | cc |
| 14 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 went | parataxis |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 window | det |
| 16 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 found | obj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 it | case |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 found | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 looked | punct |
| 20 | through | through | ADP | _ | 21 which | case |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 looked | obl |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 looked | nsubj |
| 23 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 found | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 saw | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 saw | cc |
| 26 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 went | conj |
| 27 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 trolls | nummod |
| 28 | trolls | troll | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 saw | obj |
| 29 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 trolls | acl |
| 30 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 lying | xcomp |
| 31 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 33 fire | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 fire | det |
| 33 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 lying | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 hanging | punct |
| 35 | over | over | ADP | _ | 36 which | case |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 hanging | obl |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 pot | det |
| 38 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 pot | amod |
| 39 | porridge | porridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 pot | compound |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 porridge | punct |
| 41 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 hanging | nsubj |
| 42 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 hanging | aux |
| 43 | hanging | hang | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 saw | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | This | Christmas Eve. | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go up | past | cliffs = cliff | the cave | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | find | past | a window | cave | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Topic | ||||
| 4 | look | past | cliffs = cliff | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through which=Theme | |||||
| 5 | see | past | cliffs = cliff not said here | four trolls | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer troll=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | lie | gerund | four trolls not said here | the fire | asleep property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside fire=Location | |||
| 7 | hang | past · progressive | a large porridge pot | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over which=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/42/107/