The Yellow Fairy Book, The Steadfast Tin-soldier, sentence 4

This was exclaimed by a little boy, clapping his hands; they had been given to him because it was his birthday, and now he began setting them out on the table.

Who acts: little boy, lid, boy · What happens: exclaim, clap, give, be, begin, set out · To what, where: This, hands, boy, birthday, table

This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Steadfast Tin-soldier. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little boy, lid, boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 exclaimed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 exclaimed	aux:pass
3	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 boy	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 boy	det
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 boy	amod
7	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exclaimed	obl:agent
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 clapping	punct
9	clapping	clap	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 exclaimed	advcl
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hands	nmod:poss
11	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 clapping	obj
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 given	punct
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 given	nsubj
14	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 given	aux
15	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	16 given	aux:pass
16	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 exclaimed	parataxis
17	to	to	ADP	_	18 him	case
18	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 given	obl
19	because	because	SCONJ	_	23 birthday	mark
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 birthday	nsubj
21	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 birthday	cop
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 birthday	nmod:poss
23	birthday	birthday	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 given	advcl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 began	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 began	cc
26	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	28 began	advmod
27	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 began	nsubj
28	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 exclaimed	conj
29	setting	set	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 began	xcomp
30	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 setting	obj
31	out	out	ADP	_	29 setting	compound:prt
32	on	on	ADP	_	34 table	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 table	det
34	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 setting	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 exclaimed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	roles by
1	exclaim speech: express	past · passive	a little boy	This				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
2	clap	gerund	a little boy not said here	boy's hands				vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hand=Theme
3	give	past · perfect · passive		hands = hand	boy			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to he=Recipient
4	is a	past	lid	boy's birthday				tree rules
5	begin	past	boy				now	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
6	set out	gerund	boy not said here	hands = hand		the table		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/50/4/