The Violet Fairy Book, Stan Bolovan, sentence 1
Once upon a time what happened did happen, and if it had not happened this story would never have been told.
Who acts: it · What happens: happen, not happen, not tell · To what, where: story · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 8 happen | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 8 happen | nsubj |
| 6 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 happen | aux |
| 7 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 happen | aux |
| 8 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 happened | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 happened | cc |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 happened | mark |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 happened | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 happened | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 happened | advmod |
| 15 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 happen | parataxis |
| 16 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 story | det |
| 17 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 told | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 told | aux |
| 19 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 told | advmod |
| 20 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 told | aux |
| 21 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 told | aux:pass |
| 22 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 happened | parataxis |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 happen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past · do-support | once property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | not happen a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect | it | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not tell speech: assert | would · perfect · passive | this story | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/13/1/