The Violet Fairy Book, Stan Bolovan, sentence 140
When the dragon had finished, Stan began to look about him, and, choosing the biggest of the trees, he climbed up it, and, breaking off a long rope of wild vine, bound the top of the tree to the one next it.
Who acts: Stan · What happens: finish, begin, look, choose, climb up, break off · To what, where: dragon, biggest, long rope
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 finished | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 dragon | det |
| 3 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 finished | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 finished | aux |
| 5 | finished | finish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 began | advcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 finished | punct |
| 7 | Stan | Stan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 began | nsubj |
| 8 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 look | mark |
| 10 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 began | xcomp |
| 11 | about | about | ADP | _ | 12 him | case |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 look | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 choosing | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 choosing | cc |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 choosing | punct |
| 16 | choosing | choose | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 began | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 biggest | det |
| 18 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 choosing | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 trees | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 trees | det |
| 21 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 biggest | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 climbed | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 climbed | nsubj |
| 24 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 began | parataxis |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 24 climbed | compound:prt |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 climbed | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 one | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 one | cc |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 breaking | punct |
| 30 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 47 one | csubj |
| 31 | off | off | ADP | _ | 30 breaking | compound:prt |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 rope | det |
| 33 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 rope | amod |
| 34 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 breaking | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 vine | case |
| 36 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 vine | amod |
| 37 | vine | vine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 rope | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 top | punct |
| 39 | bound | bound | ADP | _ | 41 top | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 top | det |
| 41 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 breaking | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 tree | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 tree | det |
| 44 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 top | nmod |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 one | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 one | det |
| 47 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 began | parataxis |
| 48 | next | next | ADV | _ | 49 it | advmod |
| 49 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 one | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | finish | past · perfect · passive | the dragon | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | begin | past | Stan | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | look | to-infinitive | Stan not said here | about Stan | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent about he=Theme | ||||
| 4 | choose | gerund | Stan not said here | the biggest | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent big=Theme | ||||
| 5 | climb up | past | Stan | dragon | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location it=Theme | ||||
| 6 | break off | gerund | a long rope of wild vine | bound the top of the tree | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rope=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/13/140/