The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 21
‘You must not stop an instant,’ said the horse, and Petru gathered up all his strength, and laid about him harder than ever.
Who acts: You, Petru · What happens: not stop, say, gather up, lay · To what, where: instant, horse, strength · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, Petru), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 stop | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 stop | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 stop | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 stop | advmod |
| 5 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | ccomp |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 instant | det |
| 7 | instant | instant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stop | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 stop | punct |
| 9 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 stop | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 horse | det |
| 12 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 gathered | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 gathered | cc |
| 15 | Petru | Petru | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 gathered | nsubj |
| 16 | gathered | gather | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 said | conj |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 gathered | compound:prt |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 strength | det:predet |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 strength | nmod:poss |
| 20 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gathered | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 laid | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 laid | cc |
| 23 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 said | conj |
| 24 | about | about | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 laid | obl |
| 26 | harder | hard | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 23 laid | advmod |
| 27 | than | than | ADP | _ | 28 ever | case |
| 28 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 26 harder | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not stop | must | You | a instant | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector instant=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the horse | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | gather up | past | Petru | Petru's strength | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Theme | ||||
| 4 | lay | past | about Petru; hard property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent about he=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/20/21/