The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 49
For a day and a night he fought with his sword, without ever once seeing his enemy, then suddenly the fog began to lighten.
Who acts: Petru, fog · What happens: fight, see, begin, lighten · To what, where: enemy
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Petru, fog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 day | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 day | det |
| 3 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fought | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 night | cc |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 night | det |
| 6 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 day | conj |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 fought | nsubj |
| 8 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 sword | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 sword | nmod:poss |
| 11 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fought | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 seeing | punct |
| 13 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 16 seeing | mark |
| 14 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 15 once | advmod |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 16 seeing | advmod |
| 16 | seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 fought | advcl |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 enemy | nmod:poss |
| 18 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 seeing | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 began | punct |
| 20 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 began | advmod |
| 21 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 24 began | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 fog | det |
| 23 | fog | fog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 began | nsubj |
| 24 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 fought | conj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 lighten | mark |
| 26 | lighten | lighten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 began | xcomp |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | Petru | day | with Petru's sword | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with sword=Co-Agent | |||
| 2 | see | gerund | Petru not said here | Petru's enemy | once property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer enemy=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | begin | past | the fog | then | suddenly property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | lighten | to-infinitive | the fog not said here | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/20/49/