The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 6
‘Are you afraid?’ asked the horse, shaking his mane.
Who acts: you · What happens: be, ask, shake · To what, where: horse, mane
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
| 2 | Are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 afraid | cop |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 afraid | nsubj |
| 4 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
| 6 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
| 7 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 afraid | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 horse | det |
| 9 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 shaking | punct |
| 11 | shaking | shake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 asked | advcl |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 mane | nmod:poss |
| 13 | mane | mane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 shaking | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | you | afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | you not said here | the horse | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | shake | gerund | you not said here | breeze's mane | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent mane=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/20/6/