The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 3, sentence 34

By this time it was pitch dark, and there was only the ray of light that streamed through the windows to guide him, and at the sound of his footsteps two dogs began to bark loudly.

Who acts: more, ray, sound · What happens: be, stream, guide, begin, bark · To what, where: ray, windows, Petru

This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (more, ray, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	3 time	case
2	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 time	det
3	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dark	obl
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 dark	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 dark	cop
6	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dark	obl:unmarked
7	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 ray	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 was	cc
10	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	11 was	expl
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 ray	cop
12	only	only	ADV	_	14 ray	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 ray	det
14	ray	ray	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dark	conj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 light	case
16	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 ray	nmod
17	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 streamed	nsubj
18	streamed	stream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 ray	acl:relcl
19	through	through	ADP	_	21 windows	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 windows	det
21	windows	window	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 streamed	obl
22	to	to	PART	_	23 guide	mark
23	guide	guide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 streamed	advcl
24	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 guide	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 began	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 began	cc
27	at	at	ADP	_	29 sound	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 sound	det
29	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 began	nsubj
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 footsteps	case
31	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 footsteps	nmod:poss
32	footsteps	footstep	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 sound	nmod
33	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	34 dogs	nummod
34	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 footsteps	conj
35	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 dark	advcl
36	to	to	PART	_	37 bark	mark
37	bark	bark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 began	xcomp
38	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	37 bark	advmod
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 dark	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	more			time	pitch obl:unmarked; dark property	tree rules
2	is a	past	more not said here	the ray			of light	tree rules
3	stream	past	the ray		the windows			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through window=Location
4	guide	to-infinitive	the ray not said here	Petru				vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
5	begin	past	the sound of Petru's footsteps and two dogs					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
6	bark	to-infinitive	the sound of Petru's footsteps and two dogs not said here				loudly property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/21/34/