The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 3, sentence 91
It is needless to say what the dragons were like, for nowadays everyone knows, and dragons are not things to joke about.
Who acts: It, everyone, dragons · What happens: be, say, know, not be, joke · To what, where: things · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, everyone, dragons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 needless | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 needless | cop |
| 3 | needless | needless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 say | mark |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 needless | csubj |
| 6 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 say | obj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 dragons | det |
| 8 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 what | nsubj |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 like | cop |
| 10 | like | like | INTJ | _ | 6 what | discourse |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 knows | punct |
| 12 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 knows | mark |
| 13 | nowadays | nowadays | ADV | _ | 14 everyone | advmod |
| 14 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 15 knows | nsubj |
| 15 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 say | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 things | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 things | cc |
| 18 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 things | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 things | cop |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 things | advmod |
| 21 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 needless | conj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 joke | mark |
| 23 | joke | joke | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 things | acl |
| 24 | about | about | ADV | _ | 23 joke | advmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 needless | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | needless property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | know | present | everyone | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | not is a | present | dragons | things | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | joke speech: other | to-infinitive | about property | vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/21/91/