The Violet Fairy Book, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, sentence 50

The King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles were again marshalling their hosts, but the ants were greatly reduced in numbers, and had little hope of holding out that day.

Who acts: King, little hope · What happens: marshall, reduce, have, hold out · To what, where: hosts, ants, numbers, little hope

This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, little hope), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 King	det
2	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 marshalling	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Ants	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Ants	det
5	Ants	Ant	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 King	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 King	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 King	det
8	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Ants	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 Beetles	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Beetles	det
11	Beetles	Beetle	PROPN	Number=Plur	8 King	nmod
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 marshalling	aux
13	again	again	ADV	_	14 marshalling	advmod
14	marshalling	marshall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 hosts	nmod:poss
16	hosts	host	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 marshalling	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 reduced	punct
18	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 reduced	cc
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 ants	det
20	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 reduced	nsubj:pass
21	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 reduced	aux:pass
22	greatly	greatly	ADV	_	23 reduced	advmod
23	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 marshalling	parataxis
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 numbers	case
25	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 reduced	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 had	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 had	cc
28	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 reduced	advcl
29	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 hope	amod
30	hope	hope	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 had	obj
31	of	of	SCONJ	_	32 holding	mark
32	holding	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	30 hope	acl
33	out	out	ADP	_	32 holding	compound:prt
34	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	35 day	det
35	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 holding	obj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 marshalling	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	marshall	past · progressive	the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles	Beetles's hosts		again		tree rules
2	reduce	past · passive		the ants	numbers		greatly property	vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	have	past		little hope				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Patient
4	hold out	gerund	little hope not said here			day		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/24/50/