The Violet Fairy Book, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2, sentence 10
‘But haven’t you a son who could learn your trade by degrees?’ asked Jem.
Who acts: son, your · What happens: have, learn, ask, trade · To what, where: you, trade, Jem · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
| 2 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 have | cc |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 asked | ccomp |
| 4 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 you | advmod |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 have | obl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 son | det |
| 7 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 have | obj |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 learn | nsubj |
| 9 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 learn | aux |
| 10 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 son | acl:relcl |
| 11 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 trade | nmod:poss |
| 12 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 learn | obj |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 degrees | case |
| 14 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 learn | obl |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
| 16 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
| 17 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | Jem | Jem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 asked | iobj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | you | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | |||||
| 2 | learn | could | a son | your trade | by degrees | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Topic | |||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | past | Jem | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent jem=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | trade | your | nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/27/10/