The Violet Fairy Book, The Nunda, Eater of People, sentence 83
His son, who happened to be standing by, heard the order, and he said:
Who acts: son, sultan · What happens: happen, stand by, hear, say · To what, where: order · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Nunda, Eater of People. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, sultan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 son | nmod:poss |
| 2 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 happened | punct |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 happened | nsubj |
| 5 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 son | acl:relcl |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 standing | mark |
| 7 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 standing | aux |
| 8 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 happened | advcl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 standing | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 son | punct |
| 11 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 order | det |
| 13 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 heard | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 said | cc |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 said | nsubj |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 heard | parataxis |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | sultan's son | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | stand by | to-infinitive · progressive | sultan's son not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | hear | past | sultan's son | the order | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer order=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | sultan | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/29/83/