The Violet Fairy Book, Virgilius the Sorcerer, sentence 18
Underneath was a small hole, and out of this the evil spirit gradually wriggled himself; but it took some time, for when at last he stood upon the ground he proved to be about three times as large as Virgilius himself, and coal black besides.
Who acts: it, spirit · What happens: be, wriggle, take, stand, prove · To what, where: small hole, spirit, evil spirit, last
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Virgilius the Sorcerer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Underneath | underneath | ADV | _ | 5 hole | advmod |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hole | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 hole | det |
| 4 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hole | amod |
| 5 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 wriggled | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 wriggled | cc |
| 8 | out | out | ADP | _ | 13 spirit | case |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 spirit | case |
| 10 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 spirit | nsubj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 spirit | det |
| 12 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 spirit | compound |
| 13 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wriggled | obl |
| 14 | gradually | gradually | ADV | _ | 15 wriggled | advmod |
| 15 | wriggled | wriggle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hole | conj |
| 16 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 15 wriggled | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 took | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 took | cc |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 took | nsubj |
| 20 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 wriggled | parataxis |
| 21 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 time | det |
| 22 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 took | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 stood | punct |
| 24 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 29 stood | mark |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 29 stood | advmod |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 last | case |
| 27 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stood | obl |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 stood | nsubj |
| 29 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 took | conj |
| 30 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 32 ground | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 ground | det |
| 32 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stood | obl |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 proved | nsubj |
| 34 | proved | prove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 stood | parataxis |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 large | mark |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 41 large | cop |
| 37 | about | about | ADV | _ | 38 three | advmod |
| 38 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 times | nummod |
| 39 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 large | obl |
| 40 | as | as | ADV | _ | 41 large | advmod |
| 41 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 proved | ccomp |
| 42 | as | as | ADP | _ | 43 Virgilius | case |
| 43 | Virgilius | Virgilius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 large | obl |
| 44 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 41 large | obl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 black | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 black | cc |
| 47 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 black | compound |
| 48 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 took | conj |
| 49 | besides | besides | X | Foreign=Yes | 48 black | flat:foreign |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 hole | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | a small hole | underneath property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wriggle | past | spirit | the evil spirit | gradually property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | take | past | it | time | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | stand | past | spirit | last | upon the ground | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at last=Location | |||
| 5 | prove | past | spirit | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is | to-infinitive | spirit not said here | time | as Virgilius; Virgilius obl; large property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/43/18/