The Violet Fairy Book, Mogarzea and His Son, sentence 35
On the third day he was sitting under the shadow of a tree, playing on his flute--and there was nobody in the world who could play a flute better--when one of his sheep strayed across the fence into the flowery fields of the elves, and another and another followed it.
Who acts: boy, sitting, world, one, another · What happens: sit, play, be, stray, follow, shadow · To what, where: shadow, flute, world, fence, tree
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Mogarzea and His Son. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, sitting, world, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 day | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 day | det |
| 3 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 day | amod |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sitting | obl |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 sitting | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 sitting | aux |
| 7 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 world | csubj |
| 8 | under | under | ADP | _ | 10 shadow | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 shadow | det |
| 10 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sitting | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 tree | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tree | det |
| 13 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 shadow | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 playing | punct |
| 15 | playing | play | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 sitting | parataxis |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 flute | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 flute | nmod:poss |
| 18 | flute | flute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 playing | obl |
| 19 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 22 was | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 was | cc |
| 21 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 22 was | expl |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 world | cop |
| 23 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 22 was | nsubj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 world | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 world | det |
| 26 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 play | nsubj |
| 28 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 play | aux |
| 29 | play | play | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 world | acl:relcl |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 flute | det |
| 31 | flute | flute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 play | obj |
| 32 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 29 play | advmod |
| 33 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 39 strayed | punct |
| 34 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 39 strayed | advmod |
| 35 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 strayed | nsubj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 sheep | case |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 sheep | nmod:poss |
| 38 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 one | nmod |
| 39 | strayed | stray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 world | conj |
| 40 | across | across | ADP | _ | 42 fence | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 fence | det |
| 42 | fence | fence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 strayed | obl |
| 43 | into | into | ADP | _ | 46 fields | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 fields | det |
| 45 | flowery | flowery | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 fields | amod |
| 46 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 strayed | obl |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 elves | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 elves | det |
| 49 | elves | elf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 fields | nmod |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 followed | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 followed | cc |
| 52 | another | another | PRON | PronType=Ind | 55 followed | nsubj |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 another | cc |
| 54 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 52 another | conj |
| 55 | followed | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 world | conj |
| 56 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 55 followed | obj |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 world | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | past · progressive | boy | the shadow of a tree | day | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under shadow=Location | |||
| 2 | play | gerund | boy's flute | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | past | sitting | the world | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | play | could | the world | a flute | well property | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flute=Theme | |||
| 5 | stray | past | one of boy's sheep | the fence | into the flowery fields of the elves | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into field=Destination | |||
| 6 | follow | past | another | flute | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 7 | shadow | a tree | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/44/35/