The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 124
“But the last book I read,” said the Emperor, “was sent to me by the great ruler of Japan, so that it must be true, and I insist upon your bringing the Nightingale here this evening; if you do not, every one in this palace shall be trampled under foot.”
Who acts: Emperor, much, your, you · What happens: read, say, send, be, insist, bring · To what, where: last book, Emperor, Nightingale, one, foot · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Emperor, much, your, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
| 2 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 book | cc |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 book | det |
| 4 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 book | amod |
| 5 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | nsubj |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 read | nsubj |
| 7 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 book | acl:relcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 book | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 book | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Emperor | det |
| 12 | Emperor | Emperor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 said | nsubj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sent | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 sent | punct |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 sent | aux:pass |
| 16 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 said | ccomp |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 me | case |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 sent | obl |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 ruler | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 ruler | det |
| 21 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 ruler | amod |
| 22 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sent | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Japan | case |
| 24 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 ruler | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 true | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 true | advmod |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 true | mark |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 true | nsubj |
| 29 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 true | aux |
| 30 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 true | cop |
| 31 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 sent | parataxis |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 insist | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 insist | cc |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 insist | nsubj |
| 35 | insist | insist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 true | conj |
| 36 | upon | upon | SCONJ | _ | 38 bringing | mark |
| 37 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 bringing | nsubj |
| 38 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 insist | advcl |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 Nightingale | det |
| 40 | Nightingale | Nightingale | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 bringing | obj |
| 41 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 38 bringing | advmod |
| 42 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 evening | det |
| 43 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 bringing | obl:unmarked |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 57 trampled | punct |
| 45 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 47 do | mark |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 47 do | nsubj |
| 47 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 trampled | advcl |
| 48 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 47 do | advmod |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 do | punct |
| 50 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 51 one | det |
| 51 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 trampled | nsubj:pass |
| 52 | in | in | ADP | _ | 54 palace | case |
| 53 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 palace | det |
| 54 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 one | nmod |
| 55 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 57 trampled | aux |
| 56 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 57 trampled | aux:pass |
| 57 | trampled | trample | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 said | ccomp |
| 58 | under | under | ADP | _ | 59 foot | case |
| 59 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 trampled | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 57 trampled | punct |
| 61 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 57 trampled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | read in a quote | present | the Emperor = emperor | the last book not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the Emperor | the last book nsubj | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | send in a quote | past · passive | the Emperor = emperor | by the great ruler of Japan | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: to i=Destination | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | must | much | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | insist speech: other in a quote | present | the Emperor = emperor | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | bring in a quote | gerund | your | the Nightingale | here | evening | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument nightingale=Destination | ||
| 7 | not do a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | trample in a quote | shall · passive | every one in this palace | foot | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/1/124/