The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 131
How wonderful that such a little bird has such a tremendous voice!” said they.
Who acts: little bird, BIRDS · What happens: have, say · To what, where: tremendous voice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little bird, BIRDS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 wonderful | advmod |
| 2 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 said | ccomp |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 has | mark |
| 4 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 bird | det:predet |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 bird | det |
| 6 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bird | amod |
| 7 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 has | nsubj |
| 8 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 wonderful | advcl |
| 9 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 voice | det:predet |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 voice | det |
| 11 | tremendous | tremendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 voice | amod |
| 12 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 has | obj |
| 13 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 wonderful | punct |
| 14 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 wonderful | punct |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 said | nsubj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | such little bird | such tremendous voice | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | BIRDS = bird | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/1/131/