The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 134
A little farther on they heard some frogs croaking in the marsh.
Who acts: BIRDS, frogs · What happens: hear, croak · To what, where: frogs, marsh
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (BIRDS, frogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 little | det |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 farther | obl |
| 3 | farther | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 6 heard | advmod |
| 4 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 6 heard | mark |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 frogs | det |
| 8 | frogs | frog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 heard | obj |
| 9 | croaking | croak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 frogs | acl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 marsh | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 marsh | det |
| 12 | marsh | marsh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 croaking | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | BIRDS = bird | some frogs | far property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer frog=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | croak | gerund | some frogs not said here | the marsh | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/1/134/