The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 96
Several of the Persian stories are taken from “The Arabian Nights” and others, from Persia, India, China and Japan, are adapted from various sources, not least of which is “Gesta Romanorum.”
What happens: take, adapt, be · To what, where: Several Persian stories, various sources, Gesta Romanorum
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stories | amod |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 stories | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 stories | det |
| 4 | Persian | persian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stories | amod |
| 5 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 taken | aux:pass |
| 7 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 Nights | case |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Nights | punct |
| 10 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Nights | det |
| 11 | Arabian | Arabian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 Nights | amod |
| 12 | Nights | Night | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 taken | obl |
| 13 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Nights | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 others | cc |
| 15 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 Nights | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Persia | punct |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 Persia | case |
| 18 | Persia | Persia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 taken | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 India | punct |
| 20 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Persia | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 China | punct |
| 22 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Persia | conj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 Japan | cc |
| 24 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 China | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 adapted | punct |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 adapted | aux:pass |
| 27 | adapted | adapt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 taken | conj |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 sources | case |
| 29 | various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 sources | amod |
| 30 | sources | source | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 adapted | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 least | punct |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 least | advmod |
| 33 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 39 Romanorum | advmod |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 which | case |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 least | nmod |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 Romanorum | cop |
| 37 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 39 Romanorum | punct |
| 38 | Gesta | Gesta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Romanorum | compound |
| 39 | Romanorum | Romanorum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 sources | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 taken | punct |
| 41 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 taken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present · passive | the Several Persian stories | from the Arabian Nights and others | Persia and India and China and Japan parataxis | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from night=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | adapt | present · passive | various sources | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING» | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | Gesta Romanorum | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/1/96/