The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 10, sentence 53
The wretch not long after managed to approach me under another form; one day when I was in the garden I asked for some refreshment, and he brought me—in the disguise of a slave—a draught which changed me at once to this horrid shape.
Who acts: I, wretch, draught · What happens: manage, approach, be, ask, bring, change · To what, where: wretch, me, form, garden, disguise
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, wretch, draught), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wretch | det |
| 2 | wretch | wretch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 brought | nsubj:outer |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 long | advmod |
| 4 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 managed | advmod |
| 5 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 6 managed | mark |
| 6 | managed | manage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 wretch | acl:relcl |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 approach | mark |
| 8 | approach | approach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 managed | xcomp |
| 9 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 approach | obj |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 12 form | case |
| 11 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 form | det |
| 12 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 approach | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 day | punct |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 day | nummod |
| 15 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wretch | appos |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 21 garden | advmod |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 garden | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 garden | cop |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 garden | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 garden | det |
| 21 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 day | nmod |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 asked | nsubj |
| 23 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 garden | acl:relcl |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 refreshment | case |
| 25 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 refreshment | det |
| 26 | refreshment | refreshment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 asked | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 brought | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 brought | cc |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 brought | nsubj |
| 30 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 31 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 brought | obj |
| 32 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 disguise | punct |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 disguise | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 disguise | det |
| 35 | disguise | disguise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 brought | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 slave | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 slave | det |
| 38 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 disguise | nmod |
| 39 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 draught | punct |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 draught | det |
| 41 | draught | draught | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 disguise | conj |
| 42 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 changed | nsubj |
| 43 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 draught | acl:relcl |
| 44 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 43 changed | obj |
| 45 | at | at | ADP | _ | 46 once | case |
| 46 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 43 changed | obl |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 shape | case |
| 48 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 50 shape | det |
| 49 | horrid | horrid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 shape | amod |
| 50 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 changed | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | manage | participle | the wretch not said here | long property | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | approach | to-infinitive | me | another form | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | past | I | the garden | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | past | I | the garden not said here | for some refreshment | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent garden=Recipient | |||
| 5 | bring | past | the wretch | me | the disguise of a slave and a draught | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Destination | |||
| 6 | change | past | a draught | me | to this horrid shape | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/10/53/