The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 11, sentence 27
When Prince Houssain had seen all the wonders of the city, he wished to be nearer his dear Princess Nouronnihar, and having paid all the charges, and returned the key of his apartment to the owner of the khan, he spread the carpet, and as soon as he had formed his wish he and the officer whom he had brought with him were transported to the inn at which he and his brothers were to meet, and where he passed for a merchant till their arrival.
Who acts: Prince, crier, brothers · What happens: see, wish, be, pay, return, spread · To what, where: wonders, charges, key, owner, carpet, wish · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, crier, brothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 seen | mark |
| 2 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 seen | nsubj |
| 3 | Houssain | Houssain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Prince | flat |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 seen | aux |
| 5 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 wished | advcl |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 wonders | det:predet |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 wonders | det |
| 8 | wonders | wonder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 seen | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 city | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 city | det |
| 11 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wonders | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 seen | punct |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 wished | nsubj |
| 14 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 nearer | mark |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 nearer | cop |
| 17 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 wished | ccomp |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 Nouronnihar | nmod:poss |
| 19 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 Nouronnihar | amod |
| 20 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Nouronnihar | compound |
| 21 | Nouronnihar | Nouronnihar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 nearer | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 paid | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 paid | cc |
| 24 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 paid | aux |
| 25 | paid | pay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 wished | advcl |
| 26 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 charges | det:predet |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 charges | det |
| 28 | charges | charge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 paid | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 returned | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 returned | cc |
| 31 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 wished | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 key | det |
| 33 | key | key | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 returned | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 apartment | case |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 apartment | nmod:poss |
| 36 | apartment | apartment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 key | nmod |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 owner | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 owner | det |
| 39 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 returned | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 khan | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 khan | det |
| 42 | khan | khan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 owner | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 spread | punct |
| 44 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 spread | nsubj |
| 45 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 wished | conj |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 carpet | det |
| 47 | carpet | carpet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 spread | obj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 transported | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 69 transported | cc |
| 50 | as | as | ADV | _ | 51 soon | advmod |
| 51 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 69 transported | advmod |
| 52 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 55 formed | mark |
| 53 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 55 formed | nsubj |
| 54 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 55 formed | aux |
| 55 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 69 transported | advcl |
| 56 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 wish | nmod:poss |
| 57 | wish | wish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 formed | obj |
| 58 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 69 transported | nsubj:pass |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 officer | cc |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 officer | det |
| 61 | officer | officer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 he | conj |
| 62 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 65 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 63 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 65 brought | nsubj |
| 64 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 65 brought | aux |
| 65 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 61 officer | acl:relcl |
| 66 | with | with | ADP | _ | 67 him | case |
| 67 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 65 brought | obl |
| 68 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 transported | aux:pass |
| 69 | transported | transport | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 wished | parataxis |
| 70 | to | to | ADP | _ | 72 inn | case |
| 71 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 72 inn | det |
| 72 | inn | inn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 transported | obl |
| 73 | at | at | ADP | _ | 74 which | case |
| 74 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 81 meet | obl |
| 75 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 81 meet | nsubj |
| 76 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 78 brothers | cc |
| 77 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 78 brothers | nmod:poss |
| 78 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 75 he | conj |
| 79 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 81 meet | aux |
| 80 | to | to | PART | _ | 81 meet | mark |
| 81 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 72 inn | acl:relcl |
| 82 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 86 passed | punct |
| 83 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 86 passed | cc |
| 84 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 86 passed | advmod |
| 85 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 86 passed | nsubj |
| 86 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 wished | parataxis |
| 87 | for | for | ADP | _ | 89 merchant | case |
| 88 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 89 merchant | det |
| 89 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 86 passed | obl |
| 90 | till | till | ADP | _ | 92 arrival | case |
| 91 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 92 arrival | nmod:poss |
| 92 | arrival | arrival | NOUN | Number=Sing | 86 passed | obl |
| 93 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 wished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past · perfect | Prince | all wonders of the city | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wonder=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | wish | past | crier | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 3 | is not said to happen | to-infinitive | crier's dear Princess Nouronnihar obl; near property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | pay | gerund · perfect | crier not said here | all charges | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Asset | ||||
| 5 | return | past | crier not said here | the key of crier's apartment | the owner of the khan | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent key=Theme to owner=Destination | |||
| 6 | spread | past | crier | the carpet | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location carpet=Theme | ||||
| 7 | form | past · perfect | crier | crier's wish | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wish=Theme | ||||
| 8 | bring | past · perfect · passive | the officer | with crier | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 9 | transport | past · passive | crier | the inn | soon property | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to inn=Destination | |||
| 10 | meet | past | crier | the inn | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 11 | pass | past | crier | till brothers's arrival | for a merchant | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 12 | wonder | the city | nom wonder «feeling transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 13 | wish | crier | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 14 | arrive | brothers = brother | nom arrival «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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