The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 11, sentence 69
Prince Houssain did not give them time to ask what was the matter, but cried out, “Alas! princes, to what purpose have we undertaken such long and fatiguing journeys, with the hopes of being recompensed by the hand of the charming Nouronnihar, when in a few moments that lovely princess will breathe her last!
Who acts: Houssain, we, hand, lovely princess · What happens: not give, ask, be, cry out, undertake, fatigue · To what, where: princes, matter, journeys, hopes, that · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Houssain, we, hand, lovely princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Houssain | nmod:desc |
| 2 | Houssain | Houssain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 give | nsubj |
| 3 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 give | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 give | advmod |
| 5 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 give | iobj |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 give | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 ask | mark |
| 9 | ask | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 time | acl |
| 10 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 matter | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 matter | cop |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 matter | det |
| 13 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ask | ccomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 cried | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 cried | cc |
| 16 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 give | conj |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 cried | compound:prt |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 princes | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 princes | punct |
| 20 | Alas | alas | INTJ | _ | 22 princes | discourse |
| 21 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 22 princes | punct |
| 22 | princes | prince | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 cried | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 what | punct |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 what | case |
| 25 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 29 undertaken | obl |
| 26 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 what | nsubj |
| 27 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 undertaken | aux |
| 28 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 undertaken | nsubj |
| 29 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 cried | parataxis |
| 30 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 long | amod |
| 31 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 undertaken | xcomp |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 fatiguing | cc |
| 33 | fatiguing | fatigue | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 undertaken | conj |
| 34 | journeys | journey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 fatiguing | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 hopes | punct |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 38 hopes | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 hopes | det |
| 38 | hopes | hope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 fatiguing | obl |
| 39 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 41 recompensed | mark |
| 40 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 recompensed | aux:pass |
| 41 | recompensed | recompense | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 hopes | acl |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 44 hand | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 hand | det |
| 44 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 recompensed | obl |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 charming | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 charming | det |
| 47 | charming | charming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 hand | nmod |
| 48 | Nouronnihar | Nouronnihar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 charming | appos |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 breathe | punct |
| 50 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 59 breathe | advmod |
| 51 | in | in | ADP | _ | 54 moments | case |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 54 moments | det |
| 53 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 moments | amod |
| 54 | moments | moment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 59 breathe | obl |
| 55 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 59 breathe | obj |
| 56 | lovely | lovely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 princess | amod |
| 57 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 breathe | nsubj |
| 58 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 59 breathe | aux |
| 59 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 give | conj |
| 60 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 61 last | nmod:poss |
| 61 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 breathe | obj |
| 62 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 give | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not give | past · do-support | Houssain Prince | princes = prince | time | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | to-infinitive | Houssain Prince not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | the matter | what nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cry out speech: express | past | Houssain Prince not said here | princes | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | undertake in a quote | present · perfect | we | what purpose obl; long property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | fatigue in a quote | gerund | we not said here | journeys | with the hopes | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus journey=Experiencer | |||
| 7 | recompense in a quote | gerund · passive | the hand of the charming | the hopes not said here | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | breathe in a quote | future | lovely princess | that | moment | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/11/69/