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The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 12, sentence 4

The presence of the three princes, who were so little expected, alarmed the princess’s women and guards, who could not comprehend by what enchantment three men should be among them; for they did not know them at first; and the guards were ready to fall on them, as people who had got into a part of the palace where they were not allowed to come; but they quickly found out their mistake.

Who acts: women, enchantment three men, men, presence, people, guards · What happens: expect, alarm, not comprehend, be, not know, fall · To what, where: three princes, presence, guards, part, men, mistake

This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women, enchantment three men, men, presence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detnsubjcasedetnummodnmodpunctnsubj:passaux:passadvmodobl:unmarkedacl:relclpunctacldetnmod:posscaseobl:agentccconjpunctnsubjauxadvmodparataxiscaseoblcompoundnummodnsubjauxcopcaseacl:relclpunctmarknsubjauxadvmodconjobjcaseoblpunctccdetnsubjcopmarkxcompcaseoblpunctcaseoblnsubjauxacl:relclcasedetoblcasedetnmodadvmodnsubj:passaux:passadvmodacl:relclmarkxcomppunctccnsubjadvmodparataxiscompound:prtnmod:possobjpunctrootTheDETpresenceNOUNofADPtheDETthreeNUMprincesNOUN,PUNCTwhoPRONwereAUXsoADVlittleADJexpectedVERB,PUNCTalarmedVERBtheDETprincessNOUN’sPARTwomenNOUNandCCONJguardsNOUN,PUNCTwhoPRONcouldAUXnotPARTcomprehendVERBbyADPwhatPRONenchantmentNOUNthreeNUMmenNOUNshouldAUXbeAUXamongADPthemPRON;PUNCTforSCONJtheyPRONdidAUXnotPARTknowVERBthemPRONatADPfirstADV;PUNCTandCCONJtheDETguardsNOUNwereAUXreadyADJtoPARTfallVERBonADPthemPRON,PUNCTasADPpeopleNOUNwhoPRONhadAUXgotVERBintoADPaDETpartNOUNofADPtheDETpalaceNOUNwhereADVtheyPRONwereAUXnotPARTallowedVERBtoPARTcomeVERB;PUNCTbutCCONJtheyPRONquicklyADVfoundVERBoutADPtheirPRONmistakeNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 presencedet
2presencepresenceNOUNNumber=Sing49 readynsubj
3ofofADP_6 princescase
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 princesdet
5threethreeNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card6 princesnummod
6princesprinceNOUNNumber=Plur2 presencenmod
7,,PUNCT_12 expectedpunct
8whowhoPRONPronType=Rel12 expectednsubj:pass
9werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin12 expectedaux:pass
10sosoADV_11 littleadvmod
11littlelittleADJDegree=Pos12 expectedobl:unmarked
12expectedexpectVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass6 princesacl:relcl
13,,PUNCT_14 alarmedpunct
14alarmedalarmVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass2 presenceacl
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 princessdet
16princessprincessNOUNNumber=Sing18 womennmod:poss
17’s'sPART_16 princesscase
18womenwomanNOUNNumber=Plur14 alarmedobl:agent
19andandCCONJ_20 guardscc
20guardsguardNOUNNumber=Plur18 womenconj
21,,PUNCT_25 comprehendpunct
22whowhoPRONPronType=Rel25 comprehendnsubj
23couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin25 comprehendaux
24notnotPARTPolarity=Neg25 comprehendadvmod
25comprehendcomprehendVERBVerbForm=Inf18 womenparataxis
26bybyADP_27 whatcase
27whatwhatPRONPronType=Rel25 comprehendobl
28enchantmentenchantmentNOUNNumber=Sing30 mencompound
29threethreeNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card30 mennummod
30menmanNOUNNumber=Plur34 themnsubj
31shouldshouldAUXVerbForm=Fin34 themaux
32bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf34 themcop
33amongamongADP_34 themcase
34themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs27 whatacl:relcl
35;;PUNCT_40 knowpunct
36forforSCONJ_40 knowmark
37theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs40 knownsubj
38diddoAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin40 knowaux
39notnotPARTPolarity=Neg40 knowadvmod
40knowknowVERBVerbForm=Inf25 comprehendconj
41themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs40 knowobj
42atatADP_43 firstcase
43firstfirstADVNumForm=Word NumType=Ord40 knowobl
44;;PUNCT_49 readypunct
45andandCCONJ_49 readycc
46thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art47 guardsdet
47guardsguardNOUNNumber=Plur49 readynsubj
48werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin49 readycop
49readyreadyADJDegree=Posrootroot
50totoPART_51 fallmark
51fallfallVERBVerbForm=Inf49 readyxcomp
52ononADP_53 themcase
53themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs51 fallobl
54,,PUNCT_56 peoplepunct
55asasADP_56 peoplecase
56peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur51 fallobl
57whowhoPRONPronType=Rel59 gotnsubj
58hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin59 gotaux
59gotgetVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part56 peopleacl:relcl
60intointoADP_62 partcase
61aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art62 partdet
62partpartNOUNNumber=Sing59 gotobl
63ofofADP_65 palacecase
64thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art65 palacedet
65palacepalaceNOUNNumber=Sing62 partnmod
66wherewhereADVPronType=Rel70 allowedadvmod
67theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs70 allowednsubj:pass
68werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin70 allowedaux:pass
69notnotPARTPolarity=Neg70 allowedadvmod
70allowedallowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass65 palaceacl:relcl
71totoPART_72 comemark
72comecomeVERBVerbForm=Inf70 allowedxcomp
73;;PUNCT_77 foundpunct
74butbutCCONJ_77 foundcc
75theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs77 foundnsubj
76quicklyquicklyADV_77 foundadvmod
77foundfindVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin49 readyparataxis
78outoutADP_77 foundcompound:prt
79theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs80 mistakenmod:poss
80mistakemistakeNOUNNumber=Sing77 foundobj
81..PUNCT_49 readypunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1expectpast · passivethe three princeslittle obl:unmarkedvn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2alarmparticiplethe presence of the three princes not said herethe princess's women and guards obl:agentvn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3not comprehendcouldthe princess's women and guardsby the princess's women and guardsvn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
4isshouldenchantment three menamong men = mantree rules
5not knowpast · do-supportmen = manguards = guardvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus
6ispastthe presence of the three princesthe guards nsubj; ready propertytree rules
7fallto-infinitivethe presence of the three princes not said hereon guards = guard; as peoplevn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location
8getpast · perfectpeoplea part of the palacevn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into part=Destination
9not allowpast · passivemen = manvn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
10come not said to happento-infinitivemen = man not said herevn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
11find outpastmen = manguards's mistakequickly propertyvn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Topic
12mistakeguards = guardnom mistake «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/4/