The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 13, sentence 11
After having gone four leagues, to the end of the plain, where it is bounded by rocks, I perceived an arrow.
Who acts: I, rocks · What happens: go, bound, perceive · To what, where: four leagues, league, arrow
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, rocks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 3 gone | mark |
| 2 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 gone | aux |
| 3 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 perceived | advcl |
| 4 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 leagues | nummod |
| 5 | leagues | league | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 gone | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 end | punct |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 end | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 end | det |
| 9 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gone | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 plain | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 plain | det |
| 12 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 end | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 bounded | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 17 bounded | advmod |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 bounded | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 bounded | aux:pass |
| 17 | bounded | bound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 plain | acl:relcl |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 rocks | case |
| 19 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 bounded | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 gone | punct |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 perceived | nsubj |
| 22 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 23 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 arrow | det |
| 24 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 perceived | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 perceived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | gerund · perfect | I not said here | four leagues | to the end of the plain | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location league=Theme | |||
| 2 | bound | present · passive | rocks | league | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | perceive | past | I | a arrow | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer arrow=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/13/11/