The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 13, sentence 41
The sorceress left the sultan, and learning by her art the place where Prince Ahmed had found his arrow, went immediately thither, and concealed herself near the rocks so as not to be seen.
Who acts: sorceress · What happens: leave, learn, find, go, conceal, not see · To what, where: sultan, place, Prince Ahmed, sorceress, rocks
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sorceress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sorceress | det |
| 2 | sorceress | sorceress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 left | nsubj |
| 3 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sultan | det |
| 5 | sultan | sultan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 left | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 learning | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 learning | cc |
| 8 | learning | learn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 left | advcl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 art | case |
| 10 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 art | nmod:poss |
| 11 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 learning | obl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 place | det |
| 13 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 learning | obj |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 found | advmod |
| 15 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Ahmed | compound |
| 16 | Ahmed | Ahmed | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 found | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 found | aux |
| 18 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 place | acl:relcl |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 arrow | nmod:poss |
| 20 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 found | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 went | punct |
| 22 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 left | conj |
| 23 | immediately | immediately | ADV | _ | 22 went | advmod |
| 24 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 22 went | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 concealed | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 concealed | cc |
| 27 | concealed | conceal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 left | conj |
| 28 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 concealed | obj |
| 29 | near | near | ADP | _ | 31 rocks | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 rocks | det |
| 31 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 concealed | obl |
| 32 | so | so | ADV | _ | 37 seen | advmod |
| 33 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 37 seen | mark |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 seen | advmod |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 seen | mark |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 seen | aux:pass |
| 37 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 concealed | advcl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 left | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | past | the sorceress | the sultan | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sultan=Theme | ||||
| 2 | learn | gerund | the sorceress not said here | the place | by sorceress's art | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic | |||
| 3 | find | past · perfect · passive | Prince Ahmed | Ahmed's arrow obj | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme arrow=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | go | past | the sorceress not said here | immediately, thither property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | conceal | past | the sorceress not said here | sorceress | the rocks | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent herself=Patient near rock=Location | |||
| 6 | not see | to-infinitive · passive | the sorceress not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/13/41/