The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 14, sentence 8
At last he replied, “Though I know not how this mystery has been revealed to you, I cannot deny that your information is correct.
Who acts: Ahmed, information, your · What happens: reply, not know, reveal, not deny, be, inform · To what, where: last, mystery, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahmed, information, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 replied | nsubj |
| 4 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 deny | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 deny | punct |
| 7 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 9 know | mark |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 know | nsubj |
| 9 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 deny | advcl |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 know | advmod |
| 11 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 revealed | advmod |
| 12 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 mystery | det |
| 13 | mystery | mystery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 revealed | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 revealed | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 revealed | aux:pass |
| 16 | revealed | reveal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 know | ccomp |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 you | case |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 16 revealed | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 know | punct |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 deny | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 deny | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 deny | advmod |
| 23 | deny | deny | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 replied | ccomp |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 correct | mark |
| 25 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 information | nmod:poss |
| 26 | information | information | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 correct | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 correct | cop |
| 28 | correct | correct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 deny | advcl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | Ahmed | last | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | not know in a quote | present | Ahmed | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | reveal in a quote | present · perfect · passive | this mystery | you | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to you=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | not deny in a quote | can | Ahmed | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | your information | correct property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | inform in a quote | your | nom information «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/14/8/