The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 14, sentence 96
I did not invite you to my wedding, because you were engaged in a distant expedition, from which I heard with pleasure you returned victorious; but on my husband’s account I have taken the liberty now to call for you.”
Who acts: I, you, my, husband · What happens: not invite, engage, hear, return, take, call · To what, where: you, distant expedition, pleasure, liberty, account · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, my, husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 invite | nsubj |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 invite | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 invite | advmod |
| 4 | invite | invite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 invite | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 wedding | case |
| 7 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 wedding | nmod:poss |
| 8 | wedding | wedding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 invite | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 engaged | punct |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 13 engaged | mark |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 13 engaged | nsubj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 engaged | aux:pass |
| 13 | engaged | engage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 invite | parataxis |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 expedition | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 expedition | det |
| 16 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 expedition | amod |
| 17 | expedition | expedition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 engaged | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 heard | punct |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 which | case |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 heard | obl |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 heard | nsubj |
| 22 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 engaged | conj |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 pleasure | case |
| 24 | pleasure | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 heard | obl |
| 25 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 returned | nsubj |
| 26 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 pleasure | acl:relcl |
| 27 | victorious | victorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 returned | xcomp |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 taken | punct |
| 29 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 taken | cc |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 account | case |
| 31 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 husband | nmod:poss |
| 32 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 account | nmod:poss |
| 33 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 32 husband | case |
| 34 | account | account | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 taken | obl |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 taken | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 taken | aux |
| 37 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 invite | parataxis |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 liberty | det |
| 39 | liberty | liberty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 taken | obj |
| 40 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 37 taken | advmod |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 call | mark |
| 42 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 taken | advcl |
| 43 | for | for | ADP | _ | 44 you | case |
| 44 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 42 call | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 invite | punct |
| 46 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 invite | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not invite | past · do-support | I | you | to my wedding | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | |||
| 2 | engage | past · passive | you | in a distant expedition goal | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Theme in expedition=Goal | ||||
| 3 | hear | past | I | with pleasure; which obl | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from which=Source | ||||
| 4 | return | past | you | pleasure not said here | victorious property | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pleasure=Theme | |||
| 5 | take | present · perfect | I | the liberty | my husband's account | now | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent liberty=Theme on account=Destination | ||
| 6 | call | to-infinitive | I not said here | for you | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for you=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | wed | my | nom wedding «event transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | account | my husband | nom account «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/14/96/