The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 15, sentence 103
Ting promised not to leave his master for an instant, but a little later on he heard sounds of merriment in the servants’ quarters, and as Mr. Sin had fallen asleep, he quietly went out to enjoy himself among his fellows.
Who acts: Ting, Sin · What happens: promise, not leave, hear, fall, go out, enjoy · To what, where: master, sounds, quarters, SIN
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ting, Sin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ting | ting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 promised | nsubj |
| 2 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 leave | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 leave | mark |
| 5 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 promised | xcomp |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 master | nmod:poss |
| 7 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leave | obj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 instant | case |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 instant | det |
| 10 | instant | instant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leave | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 heard | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 heard | cc |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 little | det |
| 14 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 later | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 heard | advmod |
| 16 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 18 heard | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 heard | nsubj |
| 18 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 promised | parataxis |
| 19 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 heard | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 merriment | case |
| 21 | merriment | merriment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 sounds | nmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 quarters | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 servants | det |
| 24 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 quarters | nmod:poss |
| 25 | ’ | 's | PART | _ | 24 servants | case |
| 26 | quarters | quarter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 heard | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 went | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 went | cc |
| 29 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 33 fallen | mark |
| 30 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Sin | nmod:desc |
| 31 | Sin | Sin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 fallen | nsubj |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 fallen | aux |
| 33 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 went | advcl |
| 34 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 fallen | xcomp |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 fallen | punct |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 went | nsubj |
| 37 | quietly | quietly | ADV | _ | 38 went | advmod |
| 38 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 heard | conj |
| 39 | out | out | ADV | _ | 38 went | advmod |
| 40 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 enjoy | mark |
| 41 | enjoy | enjoy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 went | xcomp |
| 42 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 41 enjoy | obj |
| 43 | among | among | ADP | _ | 45 fellows | case |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 fellows | nmod:poss |
| 45 | fellows | fellow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 enjoy | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 promised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | promise speech: promise | past | Ting | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not leave not said to happen | to-infinitive | Ting not said here | Ting's master | for a instant | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent master=Theme for instant=Recipient | |||
| 3 | hear | past | Ting | sounds of merriment | the servants's quarters | late property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus | ||
| 4 | fall | past · perfect | Sin Mr. | asleep property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | go out | past | SIN | out, quietly property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | enjoy | to-infinitive | SIN not said here | SIN | among SIN's fellows | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/15/103/