The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 16, sentence 6
“The idea of a man knowing what the delight of living in water is was so funny that I couldn’t help laughing, and it has made me feel very uncomfortable, because I am not used to doing that.”
Who acts: man, delight, idea, fish · What happens: know, be, live, not help, laugh, make · To what, where: man, water, delight, fish, that · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, delight, idea, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 funny | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 idea | det |
| 3 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 funny | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 man | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 man | det |
| 6 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 idea | nmod |
| 7 | knowing | know | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 man | acl |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 7 knowing | ccomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 delight | det |
| 10 | delight | delight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 what | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 12 living | mark |
| 12 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 delight | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 water | case |
| 14 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 living | obl |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 what | cop |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 funny | cop |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 funny | advmod |
| 18 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 help | mark |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 help | nsubj |
| 21 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 help | aux |
| 22 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 help | advmod |
| 23 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 funny | advcl |
| 24 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 help | xcomp |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 made | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 made | cc |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 made | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 made | aux |
| 29 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 funny | advcl |
| 30 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 made | obj |
| 31 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 made | xcomp |
| 32 | very | very | ADV | _ | 33 uncomfortable | advmod |
| 33 | uncomfortable | uncomfortable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 feel | xcomp |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 used | punct |
| 35 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 39 used | mark |
| 36 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 used | nsubj |
| 37 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 used | aux:pass |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 used | advmod |
| 39 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 made | conj |
| 40 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 41 doing | mark |
| 41 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 39 used | advcl |
| 42 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 41 doing | obj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 funny | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 funny | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know in a quote | gerund | a man not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | the delight | a man | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | live in a quote | gerund | the delight not said here | water | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | past | the idea of a man | funny property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not help in a quote | could | the fish = fish | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | laugh not said to happen, in a quote | gerund | the fish = fish not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | make in a quote | present · perfect · passive | delight | me obj | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | feel in a quote | infinitive | delight not said here | uncomfortable property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 9 | not use in a quote | present · passive | the fish = fish | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 10 | do in a quote | gerund | that | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/16/6/