The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 18, sentence 115
Since then, too, cats have been afraid of water and will not swim across a river if they can avoid it.
Who acts: cats, TAILS · What happens: be, not swim, avoid · To what, where: river
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cats, TAILS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Since | since | ADP | _ | 2 then | case |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 afraid | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 then | punct |
| 4 | too | too | ADV | _ | 6 cats | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 too | punct |
| 6 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 afraid | nsubj |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 afraid | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 afraid | cop |
| 9 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 water | case |
| 11 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 afraid | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 swim | cc |
| 13 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 swim | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 swim | advmod |
| 15 | swim | swim | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 afraid | conj |
| 16 | across | across | ADP | _ | 18 river | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 river | det |
| 18 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 swim | obl |
| 19 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 22 avoid | mark |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 avoid | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 avoid | aux |
| 22 | avoid | avoid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 swim | advcl |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 avoid | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · perfect | cats | of water; afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not swim | future | cats not said here | a river | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across river=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | avoid a condition, not said to happen | can | TAILS = tail | river | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent it=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/18/115/